Access to the Internet is regarded by many as a fundamental right as stated by the ‘Joint declaration on freedom of expression and the Internet’ published by the UN in 2011. Besides, communication networks and ICT in general are often presented as required means to reduce the environmental impact of various industry sectors (e.g. energy, transport, agriculture, etc.). On the other hand, the deployment of new generations of mobile broadband networks (e.g., 4G in 2010 and 5G in 2020) has been so far the common practice of increasing the communication resources of wireless access networks.

Non-ischemic chronic cardiomyopathies (NICM) represent a complex group of cardiac diseases, accounting for 40% of heart failure patients. The challenge in classification, diagnosis, and treatment stems from their multifactorial nature and clinical variability. Major subtypes include dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies (DCM and HCM), each with distinct characteristics. These diseases can progress to heart failure and carry a risk of cardiac arrhythmias, including sudden death. Currently, there are no risk stratification scores for these patients.

Improving animal welfare (AW) is recognized as a key element for the sustainability of livestock production systems. The agroecological (AE) transition will have major impacts on AW with expected positive effects (increased space allowance for animals, more freedoms) but also specific vulnerabilities (less optimized and more diverse feeding regimens, fluctuating environments, emergence of pathogens).

Cardiac valve diseases are known to be an important public-health problem. Mitral Valve (MV) regurgitation (MR), also known as mitral insufficiency, is one of the most important of them. The regurgitation is either caused by a pathology of the valve itself (primary MR), or it is the consequence of a pathology of the myocardium (secondary MR).